Guru Sikh yo

Guru Sikh yo ( Punjabi : ਸਿੱਖ ਗੁਰੂ; Hindi : सिख गुरु) se mèt espirityèl Sikhi nan, ki te etabli relijyon an pandan apeprè de syèk edmi, kòmanse an 1469. Ane 1469 la make nesans Guru Nanak, fondatè Sikhism nan. Nèf lòt gourou imen te pran plas li jiskaske, an 1708, dizyèm gourou a te finalman pase Guruship la bay ekriti sakre Sikh la, Guru Granth Sahib, ke disip lafwa Sikh yo konsidere kounyeya kòm Guru vivan an. Yo te pase Guruship la tou bay Guru Panth la, ki konpoze de Khalsa a; sepandan, fòm guruship sa a te antre an dekadans apre monte Ranjit Singh . ^[1]

Etimoloji ak definisyon

Guru ( /ˈ ɡ u r uː /, UK also /ˈ ɡ ʊr uː , ˈ ɡ ʊər -/ ; Sanskrit , Punjabi : ਗੁਰੂ, IAST : guru ) se yon tèm Sanskrit pou yon " pwofesè, gid, ekspè, oswa mèt" nan yon sèten konesans oswa domèn. Bhai Vir Singh, nan diksyonè li sou Guru Granth Sahib, dekri tèm Guru a kòm yon konbinezon de de inite separe: "Gu;(ਗੁ)" ki vle di fènwa ak "Rū;(ਰੂ)" ki vle di limyè. Kidonk, Guru se moun ki pote limyè nan fènwa oswa nan lòt mo, moun ki eklere. Definisyon Bhai Vir Singh la bay plis enfòmasyon sou Sikhi li menm epi li eksplike poukisa Guru Granth Sahib konsidere kòm Guru vivan an. Mo Sikh la soti nan tèm Sanskrit shishya ( Punjabi : ਸਿੱਖ) ki vle di yon disip oswa yon elèv. Kidonk, Sik yo gen yon relasyon elèv-pwofesè ak Gourou yo piske ansèyman yo, ki ekri nan Guru Granth Sahib, sèvi kòm yon gid pou Sik yo.

Selon kwayans Sikh yo, tout gourou yo te genyen menm limyè a oswa menm nanm nan epi kò fizik yo te yon veso pou kenbe menm esans lan. Lè yon gourou te mouri, siksesè a te eritye limyè sa a e se poutèt sa yo rele gourou yo tou <i id="mwWg">mahalla</i> (kay).

Guru yo

No.	Name	Birth date	Guruship	Birthplace	Clan	Father	Mother	Date of death	Reason	Place of death
1	Guru Nanak	14 April 1469	Since birth	Nankana Sahib, Punjab, Delhi Sultanate	Bedi Khatri	Kalyan Das Bedi	Mata Tripta	22 September 1539(1539-09-22) (aged 70)	Natural causes	Kartarpur, Punjab, Mughal Empire
2	Guru Angad	31 March 1504	7 September 1539	Muktsar, Punjab, Mughal Empire	Trehan Khatri	Baba Pheru Mal	Mata Ramo	29 March 1552(1552-03-29) (aged 47)	Natural causes	Khadur Sahib, Punjab, Mughal Empire
3	Guru Amar Das	5 May 1479	26 April 1552	Amritsar, Punjab, Mughal Empire	Bhalla Khatri	Tej Bhan Bhalla	Mata Lachmi	1 September 1574(1574-09-01) (aged 95)	Natural causes	Goindval, Lahore Subah, Mughal Empire
4	Guru Ram Das	24 September 1534	1 September 1574	Lahore, Punjab, Mughal Empire	Sodhi Khatri	Baba Har Das	Mata Daya	1 September 1581(1581-09-01) (aged 46)	Natural causes	Goindval, Lahore Subah, Mughal Empire
5	Guru Arjan	15 April 1563	1 September 1581	Goindval, Punjab, Mughal Empire	Sodhi Khatri	Guru Ram Das	Mata Bhani	30 May 1606(1606-05-30) (aged 43)	Execution by Mughal Emperor Jahangir	Lahore, Lahore Subah, Mughal Empire
6	Guru Hargobind	19 June 1595	25 May 1606	Amritsar, Lahore Subah, Mughal Empire	Sodhi Khatri	Guru Arjan	Mata Ganga	28 February 1644(1644-02-28) (aged 48)	Natural causes	Kiratpur Sahib, Lahore Subah, Mughal Empire
7	Guru Har Rai	16 January 1630	3 March 1644	Kiratpur Sahib, Lahore Subah, Mughal Empire	Sodhi Khatri	Baba Gurditta	Mata Nihal Kaur	6 October 1661(1661-10-06) (aged 31)	Natural causes	Delhi, Delhi Subah, Mughal Empire
8	Guru Har Krishan	7 July 1656	7 October 1661	Kiratpur Sahib, Lahore Subah, Mughal Empire	Sodhi Khatri	Guru Har Rai	Mata Krishan Kaur	30 March 1664(1664-03-30) (aged 7)	Smallpox	Delhi, Delhi Subah, Mughal Empire
9	Guru Tegh Bahadur	1 April 1621	20 March 1664	Amritsar, Lahore Subah, Mughal Empire	Sodhi Khatri	Guru Hargobind	Mata Nanaki	11 November 1675(1675-11-11) (aged 54)	Execution by Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb	Delhi, Delhi Subah, Mughal Empire
10	Guru Gobind Singh	14 February 1666	11 November 1675	Patna Sahib, Bihar Subah, Mughal Empire	Sodhi Khatri	Guru Tegh Bahadur	Mata Gujri	7 October 1708(1708-10-07) (aged 41)	Assassinated by Jamshed Khan and Wasil Beg on order of Wazir Khan	Hazur Sahib, Bidar Subah, Mughal Empire
11	Guru Panth^[1]	Vaisakhi, April 1699		Kesgarh Qila, Anandpur Sahib, Punjab	Casteless	Guru Gobind Singh (spirtually)^[2]	Mata Sahib Devan (spiritually)	Whilst prevalent in the 18th century, this manner of guruship went into decline following the rise of Ranjit Singh and is seldom evoked today, being overshadowed by the Guru Granth.^[2]
11	Guru Granth Sahib	29 August 1604 (date of completion of compilation of the first draft [Adi Granth])	20 October 1708	Amritsar, Lahore Subah, Mughal Empire (place of compilation)	The central holy scripture of Sikhism, regarded as the final, sovereign and eternal Guru.

Kronoloji

Jeneyaloji

Baz operasyon yo

Guru Nanak te fonde Kartarpur nan ane 1520 yo, kote li te viv jouk lanmò li an 1539. Apre li, Guru Angad te fè Khadur Sahib tounen sant li depi 1539 rive 1551. Guru Amar Das te etabli Goindwal epi li te viv la soti 1551 rive 1574. Guru Ram Das te fonde Ramdaspur (jodi a Amritsar) epi li te rete la ant 1574 ak 1581. Guru Arjan te kontinye viv nan Amritsar, men li te fonde tou lòt koloni tankou Kartarpur, Hargobindpur, ak Tarn Taran Sahib. Guru Hargobind te gen Amritsar kòm baz li soti 1606 rive 1628, epi pita li te deplase nan Kartarpur (1628–1634). Li te fonde Kiratpur Sahib an 1634, kote li te viv jouk lanmò li an 1644. Guru Har Rai ak Guru Har Krishan tou te asosye ak Kiratpur pandan peryòd yo. Apre sa, Guru Tegh Bahadur te fonde Anandpur Sahib an 1664, kote li te rete jouk 1675, menm si li te vwayaje nan lòt zòn tankou Dhaka ak Patna. Finalman, Guru Gobind Singh te viv nan Anandpur soti 1675 rive 1704. Li te fonde Paonta Sahib an 1685 ak Damdama Sahib an 1705. Apre sa, li te vwayaje nan sid peyi Zend pou rive nan Nanded, kote li te mouri an 1708.

Gade tou

Istwa Sikhism
Khalsa
Gurgadi
Gurpurab
Joti Jot

Nòt

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1 2 « Sikh Reht Maryada - Other Rites and Conventions: Guru Panth (Panth's Status of Guruhood) ». Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee. Retrieved 18 desanm 2024. Erè nan sitasyon : Baliz <ref> pa valab ; yo defini non « :1 » plizyè fwa ak kontni diferan
1 2 Erè nan sitasyon : Baliz <ref> pa valab ; nou pa bay tèks pou ref yo ki rele ":0"

[:1-1] 1 2 « Sikh Reht Maryada - Other Rites and Conventions: Guru Panth (Panth's Status of Guruhood) ». Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee. Retrieved 18 desanm 2024. Erè nan sitasyon : Baliz <ref> pa valab ; yo defini non « :1 » plizyè fwa ak kontni diferan

[:0-2] 1 2 Erè nan sitasyon : Baliz <ref> pa valab ; nou pa bay tèks pou ref yo ki rele ":0"

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